Infrared Radiation Therapy

Infrared radiation therapy is used in physiotherapy to treat various musculoskeletal conditions and promote healing. This therapy uses wavelengths of light that are longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves.

Mechanism of Action:

• Infrared radiation is absorbed by the body's tissue thus stimulating cellular metabolism and increasing circulation around the treated area.
• It promotes the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) within cells which enhance the cellular repair and regeneration process.
• It causes dilation of  blood vessels, leading to improved blood flow in the treated area. This increased circulation helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues while removing waste products more efficiently, aiding in healing and reducing inflammation.
• Infrared radiation with wavelength range from 750nm to 1mm stimulates the production of nitric oxide (NO), enhancing inflammatory response, tissue repair, and is absorbed especially in tissues with high collagen contents.

 

Clinical Applications:

Type                    Wavelength      
IR A (Near IR)     (700-1400nm)   provides thermal effects
IR B (Mid-IR)       (1400-3000nm)
IR C (Far-IR)       (3000 nm– 0.1 mm)    used for chronic diseases

 

Indications

• Muscle spasms
• Joint stiffness
• Sports injuries
• Tendonitis
• Muscle strains
• Reduced range of motion
• Pain management
• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Capsulitis
• Psoriasis
• Edema

 

Contraindications

• Open wounds
• Active infections
• Areas reduced sensation
• Skin cancer or a history of skin cancer
• Pregnancy (especially over the abdomen or lower back without proper consultation)
• Fever
• Severe cardiovascular conditions (without medical supervision)
• Acute inflammation
• Defective arterial cutaneous circulation
• Dermatitis or eczema
• Tuberculosis
• Photosensitivity
• Hyperesthesia
• Metal implant

 

Precaution

• Assessing the patient's skin sensitivity before therapy.
• Use appropriate eyewear to shield the eyes.
• Consider the patient's medical history, especially concerning skin conditions, recent surgeries, or implants that might be affected by heat.
• Monitor and control the temperature to prevent burns or discomfort along with appropriate frequency and duration.
• Prevent overheating
• Encourage communication with patient if they feel any discomfort or overheating.
• Monitor the patient's response to therapy.